The last six months or so have seen several proposals for improvements to Bitcoin Script: CAT, 64-bit arithmetic, as well as some older ideas (CTV) and far-future ideas (Chialisp and Simplicity). This activity has largely overshadowed some revolutionary changes in our understanding of the existing Bitcoin Script, changes which form the basis of BitVM but which may also form the basis of other, equally-exciting improvements.

This article tries to summarize and organize research into Script by other people. I make no claim to originality or authorship of anything described here.

Bitcoin Script

As many readers are aware, Bitcoin Script is a simple programming language embedded in the Bitcoin…

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